Summary:
Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV) have been closely linked since the emergence of the
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS). Worldwide,
TB is the most common opportunistic infection affecting
HIV-seropositive individuals,and it remains the most
common cause of death in patients with AIDS. By producing
a progressive decline in cell-mediated immunity, HIV alters
the pathogenesis of TB, greatly increasing the risk of disease
from TB in HIV-coinfected individuals, and leading to more
frequent extrapulmonary involvement, atypical radiographic
manifestations, and paucibacillary disease, which can
impede timely diagnosis. Although HIV-related TB is both
treatable and preventable, incidence continues to climb in
developing nations, wherein HIV infection and TB are
endemic and resources are limited. We report the case of a 45
year old gentleman who presented with generalized
lymphadenopathy, whose lymphnode biopsy was consistent
with TB; however following poor response to anti-TB
treatment, he was found to be serologically positive for HIV.
Key Words: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS),
Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV), Lymphadenopathy,
Tuberculosis(TB).
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34: 168-171)