Summary:
Mandible is the second most commonly fractured bone after
nasal bone, though it is the largest and strongest facial
bone. Fractures of the mandible can involve only one site
or can often involve multiple anatomic sites. It account for
36% to 59% of all maxillofacial fracture. The large
variability in reported prevalence is due to a variety of
contributing factors such as gender, age, environment, and
socio-economic status of patient, as well as the mechanism
of the injury. The most favorable site of fracture (in
descending order) in mandible is the body, angle, condylar
region, symphysis, and coronoid process.
The descriptive type of cross sectional retrospective study
was undertaken to determine the epidemiological & clinical
profile of patients presented with fractures of mandible and
their different methods of treatment modalities. Four
hundred and thirty five patients with mandible fractures
were treated during the year 2014-2015. A review of
patient’s record was conducted. Data regarding age,
gender, cause of fracture, anatomic site and treatment
modalities were reviewed. There was higher prevalence in
male (3.9:1), with occurrence peak between 21-30 years.
The principal causes of fracture in this study were RTA
(Road Traffic Accidents) representing 54.02% followed by
physical assault 17.24%, Fall, Sports injury, Blow by heavy
objects, Tube well injury & others which includes Tire blast
injury, Gunshot injury, Iatrogenic cause, Pathological
fracture, Boat handle injury, Penetrating injury by metal
etc. The most injured sites were in parasymphysis (26.31%)
followed by angle of mandible 17.89% then symphysis,
condyle, body of mandible, dentoalveolar, ramus, coronoid
process of mandible. Most patients (70.11%) of mandible
fractures were treated by closed reduction (arch bar, arch
bars with intermaxillary fixation IMF, eyelet wiring &
lateral compression plate) & 21.83% of patients were
treated with open reduction (miniplates fixation. 3D plate
fixation) .Only 8.05% patients were managed by
conservative approach. This study reflects patterns of
mandible fracture within the community and discuss various
methods of mandible fracture management in the
department of Maxillofacial casualty in Dhaka Dental
college hospital. It is hoped that information presented here
will be useful to the government agencies and health care
professionals involved in planning future programs of
prevention & treatment of mandible fracture.
Key words: Epidemiology, clinical profile of mandible
fracture, treatment modalities.
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36: 107-111)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v36i2.36078