Abstract:
Introduction: Acinetobacter spp, emerged as important
pathogen exhibiting increasing antimicrobial resistance.
Worldwide, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter is being
established as a significant cause of health-care-associated
infections along with their resistant trait.
Methods:This retrospective, cross-sectional study was done
in critical care centers (CCC) of Combined Military Hospital
(CMH) from May to September 2016. Total 69 patients with
infection by Acinetobacter were included in this study. Center
for Disease Control (CDC) criteria for selection of
nosocomial infection were used. Specimen were inoculated
in blood and MacConkey agar, incubated 24 hours at 37°C
in aerobic condition and yield in plates were examined.
Antibiotic resistance of isolated organisms were observed in
Mueller Hinton agar sensitivity media by using Kirby Bauer
disc diffusion method.
Results:Among the total 69 (males 27, females 42,) and age
range 2-75 years, Acinetobacter infected patients, 31 were
from medical, 23 from surgical and 15 were from high
dependency unit (HDU). Specimens were tracheal aspirate
(24, 34.80%), urine (18, 26.90%), wound swab (12, 17.40%),
pus (6, 8.70%), high vaginal swab (6, 8.70%) and
bronchoalveolar lavage (3, 4.35%). Empiric antibiotics were
given in all, one course of antibiotic was used in one, in
others two or more courses were given. In the study, total 17
antibiotics were used for identifying resistance pattern of
Acinetobacter isolates. Ceftazidime (91.30%), ceftriaxone
(91.30%), amikacin(52.20%), gentamicin (33.33%),
cotrimoxazole (50%) and ciprofloxacin (65.22%) were mostly
resistant. Colistin appeared as most effective antibiotic with
only 7.70% resistance rate.
Conclusion: Acinetobacter, isolated in this study were
resistant to most antibiotics. Colistin was the most sensitive
one. Multi drug resistance (DR), extended DR and pan DR
Acinetobacter organisms are reported worldwide, work on
clinical presentation, trends of drug use in particular set up
is important to combat the situation of ‘Going out of drug
state’.
Keywords: Acinetobacter, Drug-resistance, Health-careassociated
infections, Colistin.
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38: 59-63)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v38i2.45628