Summary:
Background: Acute pancreatitis is an important cause of
morbidity and mortality among gastrointestinal disorders.
But little is known about etiology and clinical profile in
Indian population.
Objective: To know clinicopathological profile, etiology and
outcome of acute pancreatitis in study patients.
Material and methods: This observational cross-sectional
study was conducted in a tertiary care and research hospital
in New Delhi India from May 2018 to November 2018.
Total 30 established cases of acute pancreatitis were included
in the study. Data were collected and processed by using
SPSS version20 and result was obtained in tables and
diagrams.
Results: Among 30 patients, 21(70%) were male and 9(30%)
female; 18 to 89 yrs of aged patients were included in the
study with mean age 41.6±17.5 years, of 18-30 years of aged
patients were more affected (10, 33.3%); patients of different
occupation were studied;26(86.7%)patients were non-smoker
and 4(13.3%) smoker; 16(53.3%) were non-alcoholic and
14(46.7%) patients had a habit of alcoholism of whom, all
were male; patients who used to take e”5 units of alcohol per
day were frequently affected (10, 71.4%) by acute
pancreatitis, though it did not spared occasional drinkers (2,
14.3%);22(73.3%) patients had interstitial pancreatitis and
8(26.7%) had acute necrotizing pancreatitis;14(46.7%)
patients had acute pancreatitis due to alcohol, 10 (33.3%)
patients had gall stone, 2(6.7%) patients developed
pancreatitis after ERCP;29(96.7%) patients presented with
abdominal pain, 28 (93.3%) had vomiting, 21 (70%) patients
had jaundice, 10 (33.3%) had fever, 18 (60%) patients had
anemia, 17 (56.7%) patients develop ascites, 19 (63.3%)
patients develop pleural effusion, 7(23.3%) patients
developed ileus, and 3(10.0%) patients developed circulatory
shock; 25(83.3%) patients developed organ dysfunction
during in hospital care, of whom 11(36.7%) patients had
transient and 14(46.7%) had persistent organ dysfunction;
5(16.7%) patients were complicated with pseudocyst, 6(20%)
had walled of necrosis (WON), 7(23.3%) developed sepsis,
14(46.7%) developed renal dysfunction, 23(76.7%)
developed hepatic dysfunction, 8(26.7%) developed
respiratory dysfunction, 6(20%) developed pneumonia;
8(26.7%) patients had been suffering from different comorbidity;
ultrasound of abdomen were abnormal in all
30(100%) patients; As per CTSI score, severe pancreatitis
14(46.7%), moderate pancreatitis 14(46.7%) and mild
pancreatitis 2(6.7%); 24(80%) patients received only medical
treatment and 6(20%) patients needed surgical or
radiological intervention; 19(63.3%) patients were improved
symptomatically, 8(26.7%) patients were cured and 3(10%)
patients died during in hospital care.
Conclusion: Alcohol was the predominant etiology of acute
pancreatitis, mostly affecting young and middle aged male,
but mortality was more in gall stone related pancreatitis.
Hepatic dysfunction was observed frequently that may
attribute to effect of chronic alcohol abuse.
Key words: Acute pancreatitis, Clinicopathological profile,
Alcohol pancreatitis, Gallstone pancreatitis, Outcome.
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38: 86-92)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v38i2.45632